The CDC object class contains member functions to perform the basic drawing functionality. For a full overview of the CDC class https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/mfc/reference/cdc-class?view=vs-2019
A sample of the graphics object functions found in the CDC class is listed below
Displaying Pixels
Single pixels can be drawn on the screen using the member function SetPixel –
COLORREF SetPixel(int x,int y,COLORREF pColour); COLORREF SetPixel(POINT point,COLORREF pColor);
Where
x – Specifies the logical x-coordinate.
y – Specifies the logical y-coordinate.
pColor – specifies the colour used to paint the point.
point – Encapsulates a single (x,y) coordinate.
Returns an RGB value for the colour that is painted. This value may be different from that specified by pColor if an approximation is used. If the function fails the return value is -1.
MoveToEx
The initial starting position for graphics output will be the screen coordinate position 0,0 however this can be set by the application with a call to the member function moveto(). The prototype for the moveto() function is –
CPoint MoveTo(int x,int y); CPoint MoveTo(POINT point);
where
x – specifies the x-coordinate of the new position, in logical units.
y – specifies the y-coordinate of the new position, in logical units.
point – specifies the new position using either a point structure or a CPoint object.
Drawing Lines
LineTo draws a line from the current starting position to a specified position and moves the current position to the end of the line –
BOOL LineTo(int x, int y); BOOL LineTo(POINT point);
where
x – Specifies the logical x-coordinate of the new position.
y – Specifies the logical y-coordinate of the new position.
point – Encapsulates a single (x,y) coordinate.
Returns the x and y coordinates of the previous position as a CPoint object.
PolylineTo
Connects a set of points with line segments –
BOOL PolylineTo(const POINT* lpPoints,int nCount);
lpPoints – Points to an array of POINT data structures that contains the line vertices.
nCount – Specifies the number of points in the array.
Returns nonzero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
Ellipse
The member function Ellipse draws a circle or an ellipse –
BOOL Ellipse( int x1, int y1,int x2,int y2); BOOL Ellipse(LPCRECT lpRect);
Where
x1 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.
y1 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.
x2 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.
y2 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.
lpRect – Encapsulates the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.
Returns non-zero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
Chord
The member function Chord draws a line segment connecting two points on a curve –
BOOL Chord( int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int x3, int y3, int x4,int y4); BOOL Chord(LPCRECT lpRect,POINT ptStart,POINT ptEnd);
x1 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the chord’s bounding rectangle.
y1 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the chord’s bounding rectangle.
x2 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the chord’s bounding rectangle.
y2 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the chord’s bounding rectangle.
x3 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the point that defines the chord’s starting point.
y3 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the point that defines the chord’s starting point.
x4 – Specifies the x-coordinate of the point that defines the chord’s endpoint.
y4 – Specifies the y-coordinate of the point that defines the chord’s endpoint.
lpRect – Encapsulates the bounding rectangle (in logical units).
ptStart – Specifies the x- and y-coordinates of the point that defines the chord’s starting point. This point does not have to lie exactly on the chord. .
ptEnd – Specifies the x- and y-coordinates of the point that defines the chord’s ending point (in logical units). This point does not have to lie exactly on the chord.
Returns non-zero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
Pie
The member function Pie draws a pie-shaped wedge by drawing an elliptical arc whose centre and two endpoints are joined by lines –
BOOL Pie( int x1, int y1,int x2, int y2,int x3, int y3,int x4, int y4); BOOL Pie(LPCRECT lpRect,POINT ptStart,POINT ptEnd);
Where
x1 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the bounding rectangle.
y1 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the bounding rectangle.
x2 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the bounding rectangle.
y2 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the bounding rectangle.
x3 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the arc’s starting point.
y3 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the arc’s starting point.
x4 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the arc’s endpoint (in logical units). This point does not have to lie exactly on the arc.
y4 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the arc’s endpoint.
lpRect - encapsulates the bounding rectangle.
ptStart - Specifies the starting point of the arc.
ptEnd - Specifies the endpoint of the arc.
Returns non-zero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
Polygon
The member function Polygon Connects a set of points to form a polygon shape –
BOOL Polygon(LPPOINT lpPoints, int nCount);
Parameters
lpPoints – Points to an array of points that specifies the polygon vertices. Each point in the array is a POINT structure or a CPoint object.
nCount – Specifies the number of vertices in the array.
Returns non-zero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
Rectangle
The member function rectangle draws a 4-sided shape –
BOOL Rectangle(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2); BOOL Rectangle(LPCRECT lpRect);
x1 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle.
y1 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle.
x2 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the rectangle.
y2 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the rectangle.
lpRect - Specifies the rectangle in logical units. Accepts either a CRect object or a pointer to a RECT structure.
Returns non-zero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
RoundRect
The member function RoundRect draws a rectangle with rounded corners –
BOOL RoundRect( int x1, int y1,int x2,int y2, int x3,int y3); BOOL RoundRect(LPCRECT lpRect, POINT point);
x1 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle.
y1 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle.
x2 - Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the rectangle.
y2 - Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the rectangle.
x3 - Specifies the width of the ellipse used to draw the rounded corners.
y3 - Specifies the height of the ellipse used to draw the rounded corners.
lpRect - encapsulates the bounding rectangle in logical units. You can pass either a CRect object or a pointer to a RECT structure for this parameter. The x-coordinate of point specifies the width of the ellipse to draw the rounded corners. The y-coordinate of point specifies the height of the ellipse to draw the rounded corners. A POINT structure or a CPoint object can be used for this parameter.
Returns nonzero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
For full details of Windows drawing capabilities use the following
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/mfc/reference/cdc-class?view=vs-2019
Example
The following short program illustrates some of the windows line and shape drawing capabilities
